Ephedra sinica, also known as Ma-huang or ‘Long Sha’ (“Dragon Sand”), has been used in China for at least 5,000 years and is also mentioned in the Hindu Vedas. According to lore, the mythological ruler Shennong discovered its properties when leaves from the plant, burning in his fire, rose into a pot of boiling water. Since the first or second century, Ma-huang has been referenced in Chinese medical texts and has remained a significant herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Ephedra is a source of naturally occurring alkaloids, including ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, which have been the subject of historical and modern study. The plant was first chemically isolated in 1885 by Nagai and gained popularity in the 1920s. Its use persisted until the mid-20th century when interest shifted due to concerns over isolated compounds. Historical accounts suggest that the whole plant has been used differently from its isolated constituents, which may have varying effects.
One should take care in any preparations involving Ephedra and be mindful of its history and traditional applications.
